Cloth and feathers, which are both made up of many smaller, thinner parts, produce complicated diffraction patterns.\). Light that passes around the hair spreads out, overlaps, and produces a diffraction pattern. Thin objects, such as a strand of hair, also diffract light. Diffraction is a consequence of the wave nature of electromagnetic radiation and is governed by the principle of superposition. In fact, the angle between two adjacent dark bands in the diffraction pattern is inversely proportional to the width of the slit. The narrower the slit, the more the light spreads out. The following are just a few examples: This chapter began with a picture of a compact disc (see Figure 17.1 ). This different amount of bending gives the blobs their colored edges: blue on the inside, red on the outside. Red light, for instance, has a longer wavelength than blue light, so it bends more than blue light does. The angle at which the light bends is proportional to the wavelength of the light. Where the trough of one wave overlaps with the crest of another wave, the waves cancel each other out, and you see a dark band. Where the crest of one wave overlaps with the crest of another wave, the two waves combine to make a bigger wave, and you see a bright blob of light. The light waves that go through the slit spread out, overlap, and add together, producing the diffraction pattern you see. The black bands between the blobs of light show that a wave is associated with the light. Rotate each object while you look through it. In this example, a positive pair, consisting of one diffraction image in its natural Polar and its Cartesian form, are passed on to the feature-extractor network, a modified ResNet50-D 61. Look at the light through a piece of cloth, a feather, a diffraction grating, or a piece of metal screen. Rotate the hair and watch the line of blobs rotate. Move the hair until it is between your eye and the light source, and notice that the light is spread into a line of blobs by the hair, just as it was by the slit. Stretch a hair tight and hold it about 1 inch (2.5 cm) from your eye. Notice that the blobs have blue and red edges and that the blue edges are closer to the light source. As you squeeze the slit together, the blobs of light grow larger and spread apart, moving away from the central light source and becoming easier to see. If you look closely you may see that the line is composed of tiny blobs of light. The most familiar example of diffraction is the spread of. While looking through the slit, rotate the pencils until they are horizontal, and notice that the line of light becomes vertical. The nature of light in terms of it being a particle versus a wave was one of the most contested debates in the history of science. Notice that there is a line of light perpendicular to the slit. Squeeze the pencils together, making the slit smaller. Hold both pencils close to one eye (about 1 inch away) and look at the light source through the slit between the pencils. Another example is the thin film of a soap bubble (illustrated in Figure 1), which reflects a spectrum of beautiful colors when illuminated by natural or. The light from this beacon is monochromatic, and when it is shone through the apparatus pictured below, the angle of deflection of the first order bright fringe is measured. The tape wrapped around one pencil should keep the pencils slightly apart, forming a thin slit between them, just below the tape. A spaceship is fitted with a light beacon before blast-off. Hold up the two pencils, side by side, with the erasers at the top. Place the light on a stable surface at least one arm’s length away from you.
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